An Introduction to Maternal Mortality
Nour, N. M. (2008). An introduction to maternal mortality. Reviews in obstetrics and gynecology, 1(2), 77. Web.
The article refers to the underlying circumstances of maternal mortality and the urgent obstetric interventions that increase the chances of survival. The research question concerns what tools and actions can be applied to reduce maternal mortality. A qualitative study method is used to analyze the fundamental reasons for mortality. The paper concludes that in order to reduce mortality, it is essential to prioritize and implement government programs to aid expectant mothers properly (Nour, 2008). The challenge of the article is that it explores the causes of mortality and provides recommendations only for countries with limited resources.
Estimates of Maternal Mortality Worldwide between 1990 and 2005: An Assessment of Available Data
Hill, K., Thomas, K., AbouZahr, C., Walker, N., Say, L., Inoue, M., & Suzuki, E. (2007). Estimates of maternal mortality worldwide between 1990 and 2005: An assessment of available data. The Lancet, 370(9595), 1311–1319. Web.
This article focuses on monitoring maternal mortality in order to anticipate significant trends and develop new strategies to reduce them. The primary research question of the article concerns the comparison of maternal mortality rates from 1990 to 2005. The paper applies various types of data collection and compares their findings. It is found that the overall death rate has declined in European nations since 1990, but there is still a high risk of maternal mortality in African countries (Hill et al., 2007). The authors use data from the international and national levels, which is why the conclusions are valid.
Is the United States Maternal Mortality Rate Increasing? Disentangling Trends from Measurement Issues Short Title: US Maternal Mortality Trends
MacDorman, M. F., Declercq, E., Cabral, H., & Morton, C. (2016). Is the United States maternal mortality rate increasing? Disentangling trends from measurement issues short title: US maternal mortality trends. Obstetrics and gynecology, 128(3), 447.Â
This article examines the rise in maternal mortality rates in the 48 states and Washington by 2014 and globally declining mortality rates. The research aims to provide an overview of trends in maternal mortality levels in the United States from 2000 to 2014. The study’s approach includes an analysis of significant maternal mortality statistics from all U.S. states and the development of adjustment factors using Joinpoint regression. The outcome of the investigation confirmed that the approximate maternal mortality level rose to 23.8 percent in 2014 (MacDorman et al., 2016). Limitations of the research are concerns about the accuracy of the cause of death information provided by the physician.
Trends in Maternal Mortality in the United States
Neggers, Y. H. (2016). Trends in maternal mortality in the United States. Reproductive Toxicology, 64, 72–76. Web.
The article addresses trends and reasons for maternal mortality and the complexity of interpreting these patterns. The research question concerns the identification of maternal mortality and the factors associated with it. The study method analyzes maternal mortality reports from the National Statistics of Life and the National Surveillance System. It is found that the maternal mortality rate in the United States has not declined for 25 years, although such a challenge is not common (Neggers, 2016). A systematic review of maternal deaths is needed for further research.
Maternal Mortality in Adolescents Compared with Women of Other Ages: Evidence from 144 Countries
Nove, A., Matthews, Z., Neal, S., & Camacho, A. V. (2014). Maternal mortality in adolescents compared with women of other ages: Evidence from 144 countries. The Lancet Global Health, 2(3), 155-164. Web.
The article considers the increased maternal mortality rate in adolescents. The research question is to quantify the maternal mortality rate for women aged 15-19 years in many countries of the world. The method: a survey and analysis of data from 144 states. Results established a J-shaped curve for the age distribution of maternal mortality with a marginally increased risk of mortality in adolescents compared to women aged 20-24 (Nove et al., 2014). A limitation is that the research does not significantly predict the possibilities of severe disease for juvenile mothers.
Maternal Mortality in the United States: A Review of Contemporary Data and their Limitations
Creanga, A. A. (2018). Maternal mortality in the United States: A review of contemporary data and their limitations. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 61(2), 296-306. Web.
This article provides an overview of maternal mortality data and its limitations in the United States. The research question is to establish the medical and nonmedical factors contributing to the deaths. The article applies a quantitative data analysis method to national mortality statistics and the maternal death surveillance system. It is established that poor quality of medical care, limited access to childbirth services, and unfavorable socio-economic circumstances contribute to mortality (Creanga, 2018). The paper contributes significantly to understanding the reasons for maternal deaths, which affects the formation of strategies to address the challenge.
Female Education and Maternal Mortality: A Worldwide Survey
McAlister, C., & Baskett, T. F. (2006). Female education and maternal mortality: A worldwide survey. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada, 28(11), 983-990. Web.
The article discusses the maternal death rate as one of the characteristics of social inequality. The research questions establish the relationship between women’s status and maternal mortality. Method: polynomial regression analysis with a sample of 148 countries (McAlister & Baskett, 2006). Women’s literacy status and cumulative enrollment in educational programs affected maternal death levels. Therefore, strategic investments to improve quality of life through women’s education will reduce maternal mortality rates. Recommendations for implementing social programs for women that can reduce maternal deaths are valuable contributions to the article.
Predictors of Maternal Mortality and Near-miss Maternal Morbidity
Goffman, D., Madden, R. C., Harrison, E. A., Merkatz, I. R., & Chazotte, C. (2007). Predictors of maternal mortality and near-miss maternal morbidity. Journal of Perinatology, 27(10), 597-601. Web.
The article describes that risk factors can be modified through medical care, education, or social support systems. The research question concerns the identification of maternal lifetime hazards. Also, the paper used a multiple logistic regression method in comparing hospital charts to identify maternal deaths. The dangerous factors were obesity, age beyond 39 years, and chronic diseases (Goffman et al., 2007). It is valuable to this article that the risk factors have been categorized according to racial criteria.
Reflections on the Maternal Mortality Millennium Goal
Lawson, G. W., & Keirse, M. J. (2013). Reflections on the maternal mortality millennium goal. Birth, 40(2), 96-102. Web.
This article investigates the global rate of maternal mortality since establishing the Millennium Development Goals. Research question: examine maternal mortality data worldwide and determine whether nations have achieved the UN goals. The paper uses direct statistical methods and examines reports on women’s deaths after childbirth. It finds that European states have achieved low maternal mortality rates, in contrast to African states, where the 2010 data are worse than in 1990 (Lawson, & Keirse, 2013). An additional value of this article is a list of the leading reasons for mortality that African states need to eliminate.
Black Maternal Mortality-the Elephant in the Room
Lister, R. L., Drake, W., Scott, B. H., & Graves, C. (2019). Black maternal mortality-the elephant in the room. World journal of gynecology & womens health, 3(1).Â
This article explores the factors responsible for the increase in black maternal mortality. The study question is to decrease black maternal mortality through a multilevel approach. The research Method: a quantitative research method based on estimating the national black maternal mortality rate. Maternal mortality levels were four times higher for black women than white women. It also found that a multilevel approach involving the patient, provider, and public health policy can reduce mortality rates (Lister et al., 2019). A disadvantage of the paper is that it does not define the method or provide a framework for obtaining the findings.
References
Creanga, A. A. (2018). Maternal mortality in the United States: A review of contemporary data and their limitations. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 61(2), 296-306. Web.
Goffman, D., Madden, R. C., Harrison, E. A., Merkatz, I. R., & Chazotte, C. (2007). Predictors of maternal mortality and near-miss maternal morbidity. Journal of Perinatology, 27(10), 597-601. Web.
Hill, K., Thomas, K., AbouZahr, C., Walker, N., Say, L., Inoue, M., & Suzuki, E. (2007). Estimates of maternal mortality worldwide between 1990 and 2005: An assessment of available data. The Lancet, 370(9595), 1311–1319. Web.
Lawson, G. W., & Keirse, M. J. (2013). Reflections on the maternal mortality millennium goal. Birth, 40(2), 96-102. Web.
Lister, R. L., Drake, W., Scott, B. H., & Graves, C. (2019). Black maternal mortality-the elephant in the room. World journal of gynecology & womens health, 3(1).
MacDorman, M. F., Declercq, E., Cabral, H., & Morton, C. (2016). Is the United States maternal mortality rate increasing? Disentangling trends from measurement issues short title: US maternal mortality trends. Obstetrics and gynecology, 128(3), 447.
McAlister, C., & Baskett, T. F. (2006). Female education and maternal mortality: A worldwide survey. Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada, 28(11), 983-990. Web.
Neggers, Y. H. (2016). Trends in maternal mortality in the United States. Reproductive Toxicology, 64, 72–76. Web.
Nour, N. M. (2008). An introduction to maternal mortality. Reviews in obstetrics and gynecology, 1(2), 77. Web.
Nove, A., Matthews, Z., Neal, S., & Camacho, A. V. (2014). Maternal mortality in adolescents compared with women of other ages: Evidence from 144 countries. The Lancet Global Health, 2(3), 155-164. Web.